What role do smart contracts play in real estate tokenization?

Smart contracts are small programs on the blockchain. In real estate tokenization they:

• create (mint) and destroy (burn) tokens
• record who owns each token
• enforce rules, like transfer limits or whitelists
• automate actions such as paying rental income to holders

Because the logic is on-chain, investors can see the rules and transfers in a transparent way, and many tasks that used to be manual can run automatically.